In the early stage of fracture, soft tissue defects, systemic disease causes new blood vessels will lead to delayed union or nonunion. Bone after transplantation, the activity of vascular granulation tissue ingrowth of bone grafts, bone graft is absorbed, take the initiative to the formation of new bone. However, in the large segment of bone grafts, this process slow and incomplete. The key to these problems lies in the revascularization of bone problems that plagued mankind for a long time.

Angiogenesis is an important part of the fracture healing process, a good blood supply to the fracture site of great significance in fracture repair. Vascular endothelial growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF) is a multifunctional cytokine, one of the most directly promotion of angiogenesis research has shown to play an important role of VEGF in bone formation and bone metabolism, the role is mainly by promoting angiogenesis involved in bone development in the form. Many recent studies have shown that VEGF is mainly derived from vascular endothelial cells is an important mediator of angiogenesis induced by multiple cytokines. On the other hand, increased expression levels of these cytokines will lead to increased expression of VEGF or synthetic. Various cytokines to promote bone efficacy and VEGF expression in varied ways, better application of what kind of cytokines, or combined with the feasibility of a variety of cytokines, there is no clear conclusion.

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